Pricing for On-Demand Capacity

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With on-demand capacity mode, you pay per request for the data reads and writes your application performs on your tables. You do not need to specify how much read and write throughput you expect your application to perform, as DynamoDB instantly accommodates your workloads as they ramp up or down. This page details how DynamoDB charges for the core and optional features of DynamoDB. For pricing in AWS China Regions, see the AWS China Regions pricing page.

Key terms

Read request unit: API calls to read data from your table are billed in read request units. DynamoDB read requests can be either strongly consistent, eventually consistent, or transactional. A strongly consistent read request of up to 4 KB requires one read request unit. For items larger than 4 KB, additional read request units are required. For items up to 4 KB in size, an eventually consistent read request requires one-half read request unit, and a transactional read request requires two read request units. For example, a strongly consistent read request of an 8 KB item requires two read request units, an eventually consistent read of an 8 KB item requires one read request unit, and a transactional read of an 8 KB item requires four read request units. See Read Consistency for more details.

Write request unit: API calls to write data to your table are billed in write request units. A standard write request unit can write an item up to 1 KB. For items larger than 1 KB, additional write request units are required. A transactional write requires two write request units. For example, a write request of a 1 KB item requires one write request unit, a write request of a 3 KB item requires three write request units, and a transactional write request of a 3 KB item requires six write request units.

Replicated write request unit: When using DynamoDB global tables, your data is written automatically to multiple AWS Regions of your choice. Each write occurs in the local Region as well as the replicated Regions.

Streams read request unit: Each GetRecords API call to DynamoDB Streams is a streams read request unit. Each streams read request unit can return up to 1 MB of data.

Transactional read/write requests: In DynamoDB, a transactional read or write differs from a standard read or write because it guarantees all operations contained in a single transaction set succeed or fail as a set.

Change data capture units: DynamoDB can capture item-level changes in your DynamoDB tables and replicate them to other AWS services such as Amazon Kinesis Data Streams and AWS Glue. DynamoDB captures these changes as delegated operations, which means DynamoDB performs the replication on your behalf so that you don’t have to manage throughput capacity. DynamoDB charges one change data capture unit for each write to your table (up to 1 KB). For items larger than 1 KB, additional change data capture units are required.

DynamoDB table classes: DynamoDB offers two table classes designed to help you optimize for cost. The DynamoDB Standard table class is the default and recommended for the vast majority of workloads. The DynamoDB Standard-Infrequent Access (DynamoDB Standard-IA) table class is optimized for tables that store data that is accessed infrequently, where storage is the dominant cost. Each table class offers different pricing for data storage as well as read and write requests. You can select the most cost-effective table class based on your table’s storage requirements and data access patterns. Learn more about DynamoDB table classes in the DynamoDB Developer Guide.

DynamoDB features and billing overview

Feature		What it does	Billing unit
Core features
	Write request	Writes data to your table	Write request unit
	Read request	Reads data from your table	Read request unit
Optional features
	Continuous backup	Takes continuous backups for the preceding 35 days	GB-month
	On-demand backup	Takes snapshot backups at specified points in time	GB-month
	Restore from backup	Restores a table to a specific snapshot or time	GB
	Global tables	Replicates data to create a multi-Region, multi-active table	Replicated write request unit
	Change data capture for Amazon Kinesis Data Streams	Captures item-level data changes on a table and replicates them to Kinesis Data Streams	Change data capture unit
	Change data capture for AWS Glue	Captures item-level data changes on a table and replicates them to AWS Glue	Change data capture unit
	Data export to Amazon S3	Exports DynamoDB table backups from a specific point in time to Amazon S3	GB
	Data import from Amazon S3	Migrate and load data from Amazon S3 to new DynamoDB tables	GB
	DynamoDB Streams	Provides a time-ordered sequence of item-level changes on a table	Streams read request unit
	Data transfer out	Transfers data to other AWS Regions	GB

Integrations with DynamoDB billing overview

Integration		What it does	Billing unit
	Integration with DynamoDB Accelerator (DAX), a DynamoDB-compatible caching service	Improves price performance and reduces latency from milliseconds to microseconds	Node-hour
	Zero-ETL integration with Amazon OpenSearch Service	Enables full-text search, vector search, semantic search, geospatial search, and more without building and managing data pipelines	GB of exports
	Zero-ETL integration with Amazon Redshift	Enables analytics on operational data without building and managing data pipelines	GB of exports

DynamoDB pricing

DynamoDB free tier

The AWS Free Tier enables you to gain free, hands-on experience with AWS services. The following DynamoDB benefits are included as part of the AWS Free Tier. Each benefit is calculated monthly on a per-Region, per-payer account basis.

25 GB of data storage for tables using the DynamoDB Standard table class
2.5 million stream read requests from DynamoDB Streams
1 GB of data transfer out (15 GB for your first 12 months) aggregated across all AWS Services and Regions (except China and GovCloud)

DynamoDB pricing examples

• Basic example

This example demonstrates how DynamoDB charges using on-demand capacity mode.

Assume you create a new DynamoDB Standard table in the US East (N. Virginia) Region. Because this table is for a new application, you do not know what your traffic patterns will be. For simplicity, assume that each time a user interacts with your application, 1 write of 1 KB and 1 strongly consistent read of 1 KB are performed.

For a period of 10 days, you receive little traffic to your application, resulting in 10,000 reads and 10,000 writes on your table each day. However, on day 11 your application gains attention on social media, and application traffic spikes to 2,500,000 reads and 2,500,000 writes that day. DynamoDB scales to deliver a seamless experience to your users. Your application then settles into a more regular traffic pattern, averaging 50,000 reads and 50,000 writes each day through the end of the month. The following table summarizes your total usage for the month.

Timeframe (Day of Month)	Total Writes	Total Reads
1–10	100,000 writes (10,000 writes x 10 days)	100,000 reads (10,000 reads x 10 days)
11	2,500,000 writes	2,500,000 reads
12–30	950,000 writes (50,000 writes x 19 days)	950,000 reads (50,000 reads x 19 days)
Monthly total	3,550,000 writes	3,550,000 reads
Monthly bill	$4.44 ($1.25 per million writes x 3.55 million writes)	$0.89 ($0.25 per million reads x 3.55 million reads)

Data storage: Assume your table occupies 25 GB of storage at the beginning of the month and grows to 29 GB by the end of the month, averaging 27 GB based on DynamoDB continuous monitoring. Since your table class is set to DynamoDB Standard, the first 25 GB of storage are included in the AWS Free Tier. The remaining 2 GB of storage are charged at $0.25 per GB, resulting in a table storage cost of $0.50 for the month.

For the month, your bill will be $5.83, a total that includes $5.33 for reads and writes and $0.50 for data storage.

• Detailed example

This example demonstrates how DynamoDB charges using on-demand capacity mode.

For a period of seven days, you receive little traffic to your application, resulting in 1,000 writes and reads to your table each day. However, on the eighth day your application gains the attention of a prominent influencer in your industry, and application traffic unexpectedly spikes to 10,000,000 writes and reads for the day. Your application then settles into a more regular traffic pattern, averaging 150,000 writes and reads each day for the next two weeks. Traffic then begins to trail off quickly, with transactions dropping to 10,000 writes and reads per day for the next seven days.

Finally, unexpected attention on social media causes your application to go viral. For the final day of the month, your application performs 30,000,000 writes and reads on your table. The following table summarizes your total usage for the month.

Timeframe (Day of Month)	Total Writes	Total Reads
1–7	7,000 writes (1,000 writes x 7 days)	7,000 reads (1,000 reads x 7 days)
8	10,000,000 writes	10,000,000 reads
9–22	2,100,000 writes (150,000 writes x 14 days)	2,100,000 reads (150,000 reads x 14 days)
23–29	70,000 writes (10,000 writes x 7 days)	70,000 reads (10,000 reads x 7 days)
30	30,000,000 writes	30,000,000 reads
Monthly total	42,177,000 writes	42,177,000 reads
Monthly bill	$52.72 ($1.25 per million writes x 42.177 million writes)	$10.54 ($0.25 per million reads x 42.177 million reads)

Data storage: Assume your table occupies 25 GB of storage at the beginning of the month and grows to 29 GB by the end of the month, averaging 27 GB based on continuous monitoring of your table size. Since your table class is set to DynamoDB Standard, the first 25 GB of storage are included in the AWS Free Tier. The remaining 2 GB of storage are charged at $0.25 per GB, resulting in a table storage cost of $0.50 for the month.

Backup and restore: If the sum of all your on-demand backup storage were 60 GB for a 30-day month, the monthly cost of your backups would be ($0.10 x 60 GB) = $6.00/month. However, if you delete 15 GB of your on-demand backup data 10 days into the monthly cycle, you are billed ($0.10 x 60 GB) - ($0.10 x 15 GB x 20/30) = $5.00/month. Now assume that in addition to performing on-demand backups, you use continuous backups. The average size of your table is 27 GB, resulting in a monthly cost of ($0.20 x 27 GB) = $5.40/month. If you need to restore your table at the end of the month, the cost is ($0.15 x 29 GB) = $4.35.

Change data capture for Kinesis Data Streams: Now assume you enable streaming to a Kinesis data stream to process your data changes using Amazon Kinesis services. DynamoDB charges one change data capture unit for each write of 1 KB it captures to the Kinesis data stream. Assuming your application write traffic from earlier in this example is consistent for your Kinesis data stream, this results in 42,177,000 change data capture units over the course of the month. Your monthly cost will be ($0.10 x 42,177,000/1,000,000) = $4.22.

Data export to Amazon S3: Let’s say you want to export table backups to Amazon S3 for analysis. If the size of your table at the specified point in time is 29 GB, the resulting export costs are: ($0.10 x 29 GB) = $2.90.

Integration with DynamoDB Accelerator (DAX): DAX is an Amazon DynamoDB-compatible caching service. You have determined that you need to accelerate the response time of your application and decide to use the DynamoDB Accelerator (DAX) service. You review the available hardware specifications and determine that a three-node cluster of the t2.small instance type will suit your needs. You enable DAX on day 26. DynamoDB charges $0.12 per hour ($0.04 x 3 nodes), totaling $14.40 for the final 5 days in the month ($0.12 x 120 hours).

Global tables: Now assume you choose to create a disaster recovery replica table in the US West (Oregon) Region. Assume that you add the replica in the US West (Oregon) Region when your table is 25 GB in size, resulting in $3.75 ($0.15 x 25 GB) of table restore charges. Adding this replica also generates 25 GB of data transfer, as detailed under the "Data transfer" section below. Also assume that your application traffic from earlier in this example is consistent for your global table. You will consume 84.35 million replicated write request units (42,177,000 writes x 2 Regions), as described in Best Practices and Requirements for Managing Global Tables, resulting in a charge of $158.16 (84.35 million replicated write request units x $1.875 per million). You also store an additional 27 GB of data in your replicated table in the US West (Oregon) Region. The first 25 GB of storage are included in the AWS Free Tier in each AWS Region for tables using the DynamoDB Standard table class. The remaining 2 GB of storage are charged at $0.25 per GB, resulting in additional table storage cost of $0.50 for the month.

DynamoDB Streams: Assume you enable DynamoDB Streams and build your application to perform one read request per second against the streams data. Over the course of a month, this results in 2,592,000 streams read requests, of which the first 2,500,000 read requests are included in the AWS Free Tier. You pay only for the remaining 92,000 read requests, which are $0.02 per 100,000 read request units.

Data transfer: Because you are transferring data between AWS Regions for your global tables implementation, DynamoDB charges for data transferred out of the Region but not for inbound data transfer. Assuming 42,177,000 writes of 1 KB each in the month, you would generate 40.22 GB in data to transfer between Regions. Adding the replica in the US West (Oregon) Region generates an additional 25 GB of data transfer. You will be charged $5.94 ($0.09 x [41 + 25]) GB) for inter-region data transfer.

In summary, your total monthly charges for a single-Region DynamoDB table are:

Write traffic: $52.72
Read traffic: $10.54
Data storage: $0.50
On-demand backup: $5.00
Continuous (PITR) backup: $5.40
Table restore: $4.35
Change data capture for Kinesis Data Streams: $4.22
Data export to Amazon S3: $2.90
Integration with DynamoDB Accelerator (DAX), an Amazon DynamoDB-compatible caching service: $14.40
DynamoDB Streams: $0.02

Total charges: $100.05

Your total monthly DynamoDB charges after adding the US West (Oregon) Region are:

Read traffic: $10.54
Data storage in US East (N. Virginia): $0.50
On-demand backup: $5.00
Continuous (PITR) backup: $5.40
Table restore in US East (N. Virginia): $4.35
Change data capture for Kinesis Data Streams: $4.22
Data export to Amazon S3: $2.90
Integration with DynamoDB Accelerator (DAX), an Amazon DynamoDB-compatible caching service: $14.40
DynamoDB Streams: $0.02
Global tables table restore in US West (Oregon): $3.75
Global tables replicated write requests: $158.16
Global tables data storage in US West (Oregon): $0.50
Data transfer: $5.94

Total charges: $215.68

• Example using different table classes
In this example, we will demonstrate how you can reduce your table’s monthly charges by choosing the DynamoDB table class that best suits your table’s storage and data access patterns.

Assume you have a table in the US East (N. Virginia) Region. Your table already occupies 1 TB of historical data. The data is not frequently accessed but needs to be immediately available to your users when needed. Now, assume your data storage grows to 1.4 TB by the end of the month, averaging 1.2 TB based on continuous monitoring of your table size. Your table has a traffic pattern within the month that results in a total of 42.5 million writes and 42.5 million reads. For simplicity, assume that each time a user interacts with your application, 1 write of 1 KB and 1 strongly consistent read of 1 KB are performed.

We will start by estimating your table’s monthly charges using the DynamoDB Standard table class.

Monthly charges using DynamoDB Standard table class

Setting your table class to DynamoDB Standard, you will be billed as follows.

Data Storage: Using the DynamoDB Standard table class, the first 25 GB of storage are included in the AWS Free Tier. The remaining 1.175 TB of storage are charged at $0.25 per GB, resulting in a table storage cost of $293.75 for the month.

Reads and writes: You will be charged for

42.5 million writes x $1.25 per million writes = $53.125 for write requests,
42.5 million reads x $0.25 per million reads = $10.625 for read requests.

In summary, your total monthly charges using DynamoDB Standard table class are:
- Write traffic: $53.125
- Read traffic: $10.625
- Data storage: $293.75
Your total monthly charges using the DynamoDB Standard table class are $357.50.

Monthly charges using DynamoDB Standard-IA table class

As shown previously, when using the DynamoDB Standard table class, the storage cost is greater than 50 percent of the costs of reads and writes. When storage is the dominant cost (greater than 50 percent of the costs of reads and writes) using DynamoDB Standard table class, you can optimize for cost by switching to the DynamoDB Standard-IA table class. Given the same workload, now assume that you switched the table class to DynamoDB Standard-IA at the beginning of the next month. You will be billed as follows.

Data storage: The 1.2 TB of storage are charged at $0.10 per GB, resulting in a table storage cost of $120.00 for the month.

Reads and writes: You will be charged for

42.5 million writes x $1.56 per million writes = $66.30 for write requests,
42.5 million reads x $0.31 per million reads = $13.18 for read requests.

In summary, your total monthly charges using DynamoDB Standard-IA table class are:
- Write traffic: $66.30
- Read traffic: $13.18
- Data storage: $120.00
Total charges using DynamoDB Standard-IA table class: $199.48.

Using DynamoDB Standard-IA for your table reduces your table’s total monthly charges by 44.2%, or $158.03.

Additional pricing resources

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Pricing for On-Demand Capacity

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Key terms

DynamoDB features and billing overview

Integrations with DynamoDB billing overview

DynamoDB pricing

• Read and write requests

• Data storage

• Backup and restore

Continuous backups (PITR)

On-demand backup

Restoring a table

• Global tables

• Change data capture for Amazon Kinesis Data Streams

• Change data capture for AWS Glue

• Data export to Amazon S3

• Data import from Amazon S3

• Integration with DynamoDB Accelerator (DAX)

• DynamoDB Streams

• Data transfer

DynamoDB free tier

DynamoDB pricing examples

• Basic example

• Detailed example

• Example using different table classes

Additional pricing resources

Pricing for On-Demand Capacity

AWS Pricing Calculator

Key terms

DynamoDB features and billing overview

Integrations with DynamoDB billing overview

DynamoDB pricing

• Read and write requests

• Data storage

• Backup and restore

Continuous backups (PITR)

On-demand backup

Restoring a table

• Global tables

• Change data capture for Amazon Kinesis Data Streams

• Change data capture for AWS Glue

• Data export to Amazon S3

• Data import from Amazon S3

• Integration with DynamoDB Accelerator (DAX)

• DynamoDB Streams

• Data transfer

DynamoDB free tier

DynamoDB pricing examples

• Basic example

• Detailed example

• Example using different table classes

Additional pricing resources

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