General Purpose

  • T4g

  • T4g instances are the next generation burstable general-purpose instance type that provide a baseline level of CPU performance with the ability to burst CPU usage at any time for as long as required. T4g instances offer a balance of compute, memory, and network resources and are ideal for database workloads with moderate CPU usage that experience temporary spikes in use.

    T4g instances accumulate CPU credits when a workload is operating below baseline threshold. Each earned CPU credit provides the T4g instance the opportunity to burst with the performance of a full CPU core for one minute when needed. Amazon RDS T4g instances are configured for Unlimited mode, which means they can burst beyond the baseline over a 24-hour window for an additional charge.

    Features:

    • Custom built AWS Graviton2 Processor with 64-bit Arm Neoverse cores
    • Burstable CPU, governed by CPU Credits, and consistent baseline performance
    • Unlimited mode to ensure performance during peak periods
    • Powered by the AWS Nitro System, a combination of dedicated hardware and lightweight hypervisor
    Model vCPU Memory (GiB) EBS Burst Bandwidth (Mbps) Network Performance (Gbps)
    db.t4g.micro 2 1 Up to 2,085 Up to 5
    db.t4g.small 2 2 Up to 2,085 Up to 5
    db.t4g.medium 2 4 Up to 2,085 Up to 5
    db.t4g.large 2 8 Up to 2,780 Up to 5
    db.t4g.xlarge 4 16 Up to 2,780 Up to 5
    db.t4g.2xlarge 8 32 Up to 2,780 Up to 5

    All instances have the following specs:

  • T3

  • T3 instances are the next generation burstable general-purpose instance type that provide a baseline level of CPU performance with the ability to burst CPU usage at any time for as long as required. T3 instances offer a balance of compute, memory, and network resources and are ideal for database workloads with moderate CPU usage that experience temporary spikes in use.

    T3 instances accumulate CPU credits when a workload is operating below baseline threshold. Each earned CPU credit provides the T3 instance the opportunity to burst with the performance of a full CPU core for one minute when needed. Amazon RDS T3 instances are configured for Unlimited mode, which means they can burst beyond the baseline over a 24-hour window for an additional charge.

    Features:

    • Burstable CPU, governed by CPU Credits, and consistent baseline performance
    • Unlimited mode to ensure performance during peak periods
    • Powered by the AWS Nitro System, a combination of dedicated hardware and lightweight hypervisor
    • AWS Nitro System and high frequency Intel Xeon Scalable processors result in better price performance than T2 instances
    Model Core Count vCPU CPU Credits/hour Memory (GiB) Network Performance (Gbps)
    db.t3.micro 1 2
    		 12
    		 1 Up to 5
    db.t3.small 1 2
    		 24
    		 2 Up to 5
    db.t3.medium 1 2 24
    		 4 Up to 5
    db.t3.large 1 2 36
    		 8 Up to 5
    db.t3.xlarge 2 4 96
    		 16 Up to 5
    db.t3.2xlarge 4 8 192
    		 32 Up to 5

    All instances have the following specs:

  • T2

  • T2 instances are burstable general-purpose performance instances that provide a baseline level of CPU performance with the ability to burst above the baseline. T2 instances are a good choice for a variety of database workloads including micro-services and test and staging databases.

    The baseline performance and ability to burst are governed by CPU Credits. T2 instances receive CPU Credits continuously at a set rate depending on the instance size, accumulating CPU Credits when they are idle, and consuming CPU credits when they are active. 

    Features:

    • High frequency Intel Xeon processors
    • Burstable CPU, governed by CPU Credits, and consistent baseline performance
    • Free Tier eligible
    • Balance of compute, memory, and network resources

     

    Model Core Count vCPU CPU Credits/hour Memory (GiB) Network Performance (Gbps)
    db.t2.micro 1 1 6 1 Low to Moderate
    db.t2.small 1 1 12 2 Low to Moderate
    db.t2.medium 2 2 24 4 Low to Moderate
    db.t2.large 2 2 36 8 Low to Moderate
    db.t2.xlarge 4 4 54 16 Moderate
    db.t2.2xlarge 8 8 81 32 Moderate

    All instances have the following specs:

    • Intel AVX, Intel Turbo
    • db.t2.micro, db.t2.small, db.t2.medium have up to 3.3 GHz Intel Scalable Processor
    • db.t2.large, db.t2.xlarge, and db.t2.2xlarge have up to 3.0 GHz Intel Scalable Processor
  • M7g

  • Amazon EC2 M7g instances are powered by Arm-based AWS Graviton3 processors. 

    Features:

    • Powered by custom-built AWS Graviton3 processors
    • Features the latest DDR5 memory that offers 50% more bandwidth compared to DDR4
    • 20% higher enhanced networking bandwidth compared to M6g instances
    • EBS-optimized by default
    • Powered by the AWS Nitro System, a combination of dedicated hardware and lightweight hypervisor
    Model Core Count vCPU* Memory (GiB) Storage Dedicated EBS Bandwidth (Gbps) Network Performance (Gbps)
    db.m7g.large - 2 8 EBS-Only Up to 10 Up to 12.5
    db.m7g.xlarge - 4 16 EBS-Only Up to 10 Up to 12.5
    db.m7g.2xlarge - 8 32 EBS-Only Up to 10 Up to 15
    db.m7g.4xlarge - 16 64 EBS-Only Up to 10 Up to 15
    db.m7g.8xlarge - 32 128 EBS-Only 10 15
    db.m7g.12xlarge - 48 192 EBS-Only 15 22.5
    db.m7g.16xlarge - 64 256 EBS-Only 20 30

    All instances have the following specs:

  • M6i

  • M6i instances are powered by 3rd Generation Intel Xeon Scalable processors and offers a balance of compute, memory, and networking resources for a broad range of workloads.

    Features:

    • Powered by 3rd Generation Intel Xeon Scalable processors (Ice Lake) with an all-core turbo frequency of 3.5 GHz
    • Delivers up to 15% better price performance compared to M5 instances
    • Features 4:1 ratio of memory to vCPU
    • Supports up to 128 vCPUs per instance, which is 33% more than M5 instances
    Model Core Count vCPU* Memory (GiB) Storage Dedicated EBS Bandwidth (Gbps) Network Performance (Gbps)
    db.m6i.large - 2 8 EBS-Only Up to 10 Up to 12.5
    db.m6i.xlarge - 4 16 EBS-Only Up to 10 Up to 12.5
    db.m6i.2xlarge - 8 32 EBS-Only Up to 10 Up to 12.5
    db.m6i.4xlarge - 16 64 EBS-Only Up to 10 Up to 12.5
    db.m6i.8xlarge - 32 128 EBS-Only 10 12.5
    db.m6i.12xlarge - 48 192 EBS-Only 15 18.75
    db.m6i.16xlarge - 64 256 EBS-Only 20 25
    db.m6i.24xlarge - 96 384 EBS-Only 30 37.5
    db.m6i.32xlarge - 128 512 EBS-Only 40 50

    All instances have the following specs:

  • M6g

  • M6g instances are powered by Arm-based AWS Graviton2 processors.

    Features:

    • Custom built AWS Graviton2 Processor with 64-bit Arm Neoverse cores
    • Support for Enhanced Networking with Up to 25 Gbps of Network bandwidth
    • EBS-optimized by default
    • Powered by the AWS Nitro System, a combination of dedicated hardware and lightweight hypervisor
    Model Core Count vCPU* Memory (GiB) Storage Dedicated EBS Bandwidth (Mbps) Network Performance (Gbps)
    db.m6g.large - 2 8 EBS-only Up to 4,750 Up to 10
    db.m6g.xlarge - 4 16 EBS-only Up to 4,750 Up to 10
    db.m6g.2xlarge - 8 32 EBS-only Up to 4,750 Up to 10
    db.m6g.4xlarge - 16 64 EBS-only 4,750 Up to 10
    db.m6g.8xlarge - 32 128 EBS-only 9,000 12
    db.m6g.12xlarge - 48 192 EBS-only 13,500 20
    db.m6g.16xlarge - 64 256 EBS-only 19,000 25

    All instances have the following specs:

  • M5

  • M5 instances are the latest generation of General Purpose Instances and provide improved performance over M4. This family provides a balance of compute, memory, and network resources, and is a good choice for many database workloads.

    Features:

    • 2.5 GHz Intel Xeon® Platinum 8175 processors with new Intel Advanced Vector Extension (AXV-512) instruction set
    • New larger instance size, m5.24xlarge, offering 96 vCPUs and 384 GiB of memory
    • Up to 25 Gbps network bandwidth using Enhanced Networking
    • Powered by the AWS Nitro System, a combination of dedicated hardware and lightweight hypervisor
    Model Core Count vCPU* Memory (GiB) Storage Dedicated EBS Bandwidth (Mbps) Network Performance (Gbps)
    db.m5.large 1 2 8 EBS-only Up to 4,750 Up to 10
    db.m5.xlarge 2 4 16 EBS-only Up to 4,750 Up to 10
    db.m5.2xlarge 4 8 32 EBS-only Up to 4,750 Up to 10
    db.m5.4xlarge 8 16 64 EBS-only 4,750 Up to 10
    db.m5.8xlarge 16 32 128 EBS-only 6,800 10
    db.m5.12xlarge 24 48 192 EBS-only 9,500 12
    db.m5.16xlarge 32 64 256 EBS-only 13,600 20
    db.m5.24xlarge 48 96 384 EBS-only 19,000 25

    All instances have the following specs:

  • M5d

  • M5d instance types are the latest generation of general purpose instances and feature up to 3,600 GiB of local NVMe SSD storage which can be configured to store temporary log and data files.

    Features:

    • Intel Xeon® Platinum 8175M processors with a sustained all core Turbo CPU clock speed of up to 3.1GHz.
    • Up to 3,600 GB of local NVMe SSD storage
    • Up to 384 GiB of memory per instance.
    Model vCPU Memory (GiB) Storage Dedicated EBS Bandwidth (Mbps) Network Performance (Gbps)
    db.m5d.large 2 8 1 x 75 NVMe SSD Up to 4,750 Up to 10
    db.m5d.xlarge 4 16 1 x 150 NVMe SSD Up to 4,750 Up to 10
    db.m5d.2xlarge 8 32 1 x 300 NVMe SSD Up to 4,750 Up to 10
    db.m5d.4xlarge 16 64 2 x 300 NVMe SSD 4,750 Up to 10
    db.m5d.8xlarge 32 128 2 x 600 NVMe SSD 6,800 10
    db.m5d.12xlarge 48 192 2 x 900 NVMe SSD 9,500 12
    db.m5d.16xlarge 64 256 4 x 600 NVMe SSD 13,600 20
    db.m5d.24xlarge 96 384 4 x 900 NVMe SSD 19,000 25
  • M4

  • M4 instances provide a balance of compute, memory, and network resources, and are a good choice for many database workloads including small and mid-size databases for open source or enterprise applications.

    Features:

    • 2.3 GHz Intel Xeon® E5-2686 v4 (Broadwell) processors or 2.4 GHz Intel Xeon® E5-2676 v3 (Haswell) processors
    • EBS-optimized by default at no additional cost
    • Support for Enhanced Networking
    • Balance of compute, memory, and network resources
    Model Core Count vCPU* Memory (GiB) Storage Dedicated EBS Bandwidth (Mbps) Network Performance
    db.m4.large 1 2 8 EBS-only 450 Moderate
    db.m4.xlarge 2 4 16 EBS-only 750 High
    db.m4.2xlarge 4 8 32 EBS-only 1,000 High
    db.m4.4xlarge 8 16 64 EBS-only 2,000 High
    db.m4.10xlarge 20 40 160 EBS-only 4,000 10 Gigabit
    db.m4.16xlarge 32 64 256 EBS-only 10,000 25 Gigabit

    All instances have the following specs:

Memory Optimized

  • R7g

  • Amazon EC2 R7g instances are powered by Arm-based AWS Graviton3 processors.

    Features:

    • Powered by custom-built AWS Graviton3 processors
    • Features the latest DDR5 memory that offers 50% more bandwidth compared to DDR4
    • 20% higher enhanced networking bandwidth compared to R6g instances
    • EBS-optimized by default
    • Powered by the AWS Nitro System, a combination of dedicated hardware and lightweight hypervisor
    Model Core Count vCPU Memory (GiB) Storage Dedicated EBS Bandwidth (Gbps) Networking Performance (Gbps)
    db.r7g.large - 2 16 EBS-Only Up to 10 Up to 12.5
    db.r7g.xlarge - 4 32 EBS-Only Up to 10 Up to 12.5
    db.r7g.2xlarge - 8 64 EBS-Only Up to 10 Up to 15
    db.r7g.4xlarge - 16 128 EBS-Only Up to 10 Up to 15
    db.r7g.8xlarge - 32 256 EBS-Only 10 15
    db.r7g.12xlarge - 48 384 EBS-Only 15 22.5
    db.r7g.16xlarge - 64 512 EBS-Only 20 30

    All instances have the following specs:

  • R6i

  • Amazon R6i instances are powered by 3rd generation Intel Xeon Scalable processors (code named Ice Lake) and are an ideal fit for memory-intensive workloads.

    Features:

    • Up to 3.5 GHz 3rd generation Intel Xeon Scalable processors (Ice Lake 8375C)
    • Up to 15% better compute price performance over R5 instances
    • Up to 20% higher memory bandwidth per vCPU compared to R5 instances
    • Up to 50 Gbps of networking speed
    • Up to 40 Gbps of bandwidth to the Amazon Elastic Block Store
    • A new instance size (32xlarge) with 128 vCPUs and 1,024 GiB of memory
    • Supports Elastic Fabric Adapter on the 32xlarge and metal sizes
    • Built on the AWS Nitro System, a combination of dedicated hardware and lightweight hypervisor
    • Support for always-on memory encryption using Intel Total Memory Encryption (TME)
    • Support for new Intel Advanced Vector Extension (AVX 512) instructions for faster execution of cryptographic algorithms
    • With R6id instances, up to 7.6 TB of local NVMe-based SSDs are physically connected to the host server and provide block-level storage that is coupled to the lifetime of the R6i instance
    Instance Size Core Count vCPU Memory (GiB) Instance Storage (GB) EBS Bandwidth (Gbps) Network Bandwidth (Gbps)
    db.r6i.large - 2 16 EBS-Only Up to 10 Up to 12.5
    db.r6i.xlarge - 4 32 EBS-Only Up to 10 Up to 12.5
    db.r6i.2xlarge - 8 64 EBS-Only Up to 10 Up to 12.5
    db.r6i.4xlarge - 16 128 EBS-Only Up to 10 Up to 12.5
    db.r6i.8xlarge - 32 256 EBS-Only 10 12.5
    db.r6i.12xlarge - 48 384 EBS-Only 15 18.75
    db.r6i.16xlarge - 64 512 EBS-Only 20 25
    db.r6i.24xlarge - 96 768 EBS-Only 30 37.5
    db.r6i.32xlarge - 128 1,024 EBS-Only 40 50

     

    All instances have the following specs:

  • R6g

  • R6g instances are powered by Arm-based AWS Graviton2 processors.

    Features:

    • Custom built AWS Graviton2 Processor with 64-bit Arm Neoverse cores
    • Support for Enhanced Networking with Up to 25 Gbps of Network bandwidth
    • EBS-optimized by default
    • Powered by the AWS Nitro System, a combination of dedicated hardware and lightweight hypervisor
    Model Core Count vCPU Memory (GiB) Storage Dedicated EBS Bandwidth (Mbps) Networking Performance (Gbps)
    db.r6g.large - 2 16 EBS-Only up to 4,750 Up to 10
    db.r6g.xlarge - 4 32 EBS-Only up to 4,750 Up to 10
    db.r6g.2xlarge - 8 64 EBS-Only up to 4,750 Up to 10
    db.r6g.4xlarge - 16 128 EBS-Only 4,750 Up to 10
    db.r6g.8xlarge - 32 256 EBS-Only 9,000 12
    db.r6g.12xlarge - 48 384 EBS-Only 13,500 20
    db.r6g.16xlarge - 64 512 EBS-Only 19,000 25

    All instances have the following specs:

     
     
     
     
  • R5

  • R5 instances are the latest generation of memory optimized instances that deliver 5% additional memory per vCPU than R4 with the largest size providing 768 GiB of memory. In addition, R5 instances deliver a 10% price per GiB improvement and a ~20% increased CPU performance over R4.

    Features:

    • Up to 768 GiB of memory per instance
    • Intel Xeon Platinum 8000 series (Skylake-SP) processors with a sustained all core Turbo CPU clock speed of up to 3.1 GHz
    • Powered by the AWS Nitro System, a combination of dedicated hardware and lightweight hypervisor
    Model Core Count vCPU Memory (GiB) Storage Dedicated EBS Bandwidth (Mbps) Networking Performance (Gbps)
    db.r5.large 1 2 16 EBS-Only up to 4,750 Up to 10
    db.r5.xlarge 2 4 32 EBS-Only up to 4,750 Up to 10
    db.r5.2xlarge 4 8 64 EBS-Only up to 4,750 Up to 10
    db.r5.4xlarge 8 16 128 EBS-Only 4,750 Up to 10
    db.r5.8xlarge 16 32 256 EBS-Only 6,800 10
    db.r5.12xlarge 24 48 384 EBS-Only 9,500 12
    db.r5.16xlarge 32 64 512 EBS-Only 13,600 20
    db.r5.24xlarge 48 96 768 EBS-Only 19,000 25
    db.r5.large.tpc1.mem2x 2 2 32 EBS-Only Up to 4,750 Up to 10
    db.r5.xlarge.tpc2.mem2x 2 4 64 EBS-Only Up to 4,750 Up to 10
    db.r5.xlarge.tpc2.mem4x 2 4 128 EBS-Only 4,750 Up to 10
    db.r5.2xlarge.tpc1.mem2x 8 8 128 EBS-Only 4,750 Up to 10
    db.r5.2xlarge.tpc2.mem4x 4 8 256 EBS-Only 6,800 10
    db.r5.2xlarge.tpc2.mem8x 4 8 512 EBS-Only 13,600 20
    db.r5.4xlarge.tpc2.mem2x 8 16 256 EBS-Only 6,800 10
    db.r5.4xlarge.tpc2.mem3x 8 16 384 EBS-Only 9,500 10
    db.r5.4xlarge.tpc2.mem4x 8 16 512 EBS-Only 13,600 20
    db.r5.6xlarge.tpc2.mem4x 12 24 768 EBS-Only 19,000 25
    db.r5.8xlarge.tpc2.mem3x 16 32 768 EBS-Only 19,000 25
    db.r5.12xlarge.tpc2.mem2x 24 48 768 EBS-Only 19,000 25

    All instances have the following specs:

  • R5b

  • R5b instances are Memory Optimized instances that accelerate performance for workloads that process large data sets in memory, making them an ideal choice for relational databases.

    Features:

    • 3.1 GHz Intel Xeon Platinum Processor
    • Up to 96 vCPUs, Up to 768 GiB of Memory
    • Custom 2nd generation Intel Xeon Scalable Processors (Cascade Lake) with a sustained all-core Turbo CPU frequency of 3.1 GHz and maximum single core turbo frequency of 3.5 GHz
    • Up to 25 Gbps network bandwidth
    • Up to 60 Gbps of EBS bandwidth
    Model vCPU Memory (GiB) EBS-Optimized Network Performance (Gbps)
    db.r5b.large 2 16 Yes Up to 10 Gbps
    db.r5b.xlarge 4 32 Yes Up to 10 Gbps
    db.r5b.2xlarge 8 64 Yes Up to 10 Gbps
    db.r5b.4xlarge 16 128 Yes Up to 10 Gbps
    db.r5b.8xlarge 32 256 Yes 10 Gbps
    db.r5b.12xlarge 48 384 Yes 10 Gbps
    db.r5b.16xlarge 64 512 Yes 20 Gbps
    db.r5b.24xlarge 96 768 Yes 25 Gbps
  • R5d

  • R5d instance types are the latest generation of memory optimized instances and feature up to 3,600 GiB of local NVMe SSD storage which can be configured to store temporary log and data files.

    Features:

    • Intel Xeon® Platinum 8000 processors with a sustained all core Turbo CPU clock speed of up to 3.1 GHz.
    • Up to 3,600 GB of local NVMe SSD storage
    • Up to 768 GiB of memory per instance
    Model vCPU Memory (GiB) Instance Storage Dedciated EBS Bandwidth (Mbps) Network Performance (Gbps)
    db.r5d.large 2 16 1 x 75 NVMe SSD Up to 4,750 Up to 10
    db.r5d.xlarge 4 32 1 x 150 NVMe SSD Up to 4,750 Up to 10
    db.r5d.2xlarge 8 64 1 x 300 NVMe SSD Up to 4,750 Up to 10
    db.r5d.4xlarge 16 128 2 x 300 NVMe SSD 4750 Up to 10
    db.r5d.8xlarge 32 256 2 x 600 NVMe SSD 6800 10
    db.r5d.12xlarge 48 384 2 x 900 NVMe SSD 9500 10
    db.r5d.16xlarge 64 512 4 x 600 NVMe SSD 13600 20
    db.r5d.24xlarge 96 768 4 x 900 NVMe SSD 19000 25
  • R4

  • R4 instances are optimized for memory-intensive database workloads and offer better price per GiB of RAM than R3.

    Features:

    • High Frequency Intel Xeon E5-2686 v4 (Broadwell) processors
    • DDR4 Memory
    • Support for Enhanced Networking
    Model Core Count vCPU Memory (GiB) Storage Networking Performance (Gbps)
    db.r4.large 1 2 15.25 EBS-Only Up to 10
    db.r4.xlarge 2 4 30.5 EBS-Only Up to 10
    db.r4.2xlarge 4 8 61 EBS-Only Up to 10
    db.r4.4xlarge 8 16 122 EBS-Only Up to 10
    db.r4.8xlarge 16 32 244 EBS-Only 10
    db.r4.16xlarge 32 64 488 EBS-Only 25

    All instances have the following specs:

  • X2iedn

  • X2iedn instances are the next generation of memory-optimized instances delivering improvements in performance, price performance, and cost per GiB of memory compared to previous generation X1 instances.

    Features:

    • powered by 3rd generation Intel Xeon Scalable processors (Ice Lake) with an all-core turbo frequency up to 3.5 GHz 
    • deliver up to 50% higher compute price performance than comparable X1 instances
    • features 32:1 ratio of memory to vCPU
    • offers up to 4 TiB of memory
    • offers up to 80 Gbps throughput to Amazon EBS
    • offers up to 3.8 TB of local NVMe SSD storage
    • offers up to 100 Gbps of networking bandwidth
    Instance Size vCPU Memory (GiB) Instance Storage EBS Bandwidth (Gbps)  Network Performance (Gbps)
    db.x2iedn.xlarge 4 128 1 x 118 NVMe SSD Up to 20 Up to 25
    db.x2iedn.2xlarge 8 256 1 x 237 NVMe SSD Up to 20 Up to 25
    db.x2iedn.4xlarge 16 512 1 x 475 NVMe SSD Up to 20 Up to 25
    db.x2iedn.8xlarge 32 1,024 1 x 950 NVMe SSD 20 25
    db.x2iedn.16xlarge 64 2,048 1 x 1900 NVMe SSD 40 50
    db.x2iedn.24xlarge 96 3,072 2 x 1425 NVMe SSD 60 75
    db.x2iedn.32xlarge 128 4,096 2 x 1900 NVMe SSD 80 100

    All instances have the following specs:

  • X2idn

  • X2idn instances are the next generation of memory-optimized instances delivering improvements in performance, price performance, and cost per GiB of memory compared to previous generation X1 instances.

    Features:

    • powered by 3rd generation Intel Xeon Scalable processors (Ice Lake) with an all-core turbo frequency up to 3.5 GHz
    • deliver up to 50% higher compute price performance than comparable X1 instances
    • features 16:1 ratio of memory to vCPU
    • offers up to 2 TiB of memory
    • offers up to 80 Gbps throughput to Amazon EBS
    • offers up to 3.8 TB of local NVMe SSD storage
    • offers up to 100 Gbps of networking bandwidth
    Instance Size vCPU Memory (GiB) Instance Storage EBS Bandwidth (Gbps)  Network Performance (Gbps)
    db.x2idn.16xlarge 64 1,024 1 x 1900 NVMe SSD 40 50
    db.x2idn.24xlarge 96 1,536 2 x 1425 NVMe SSD 60 75
    db.x2idn.32xlarge 128 2,048 2 x 1900 NVMe SSD 80 100

    All instances have the following specs:

  • X2g

  • X2g instances are optimized for high-performance databases. X2g instances offer the lowest price per GiB of RAM among Amazon RDS instance types for MySQL, MariaDB, and PostgreSQL databases.

    Features:

    • Custom built AWS Graviton2 Processor with 64-bit Arm Neoverse cores
    • Lowest prices per GiB of RAM (for MySQL, MariaDB, and PostgreSQL)
    • Up to 1,024 GiB of DRAM-based instance memory
    • Support for Enhanced Networking with Up to 25 Gbps of Network bandwidth

    Instance Type

    vCPU

    Memory

    EBS Bandwidth (Gbps)

    Network Performance

    db.x2g.medium

    1

    16 GiB

    Up to 4.75

    Up to 10 Gigabit

    db.x2g.large

    2

    32 GiB

    Up to 4.75

    Up to 10 Gigabit

    db.x2g.xlarge

    4

    64 GiB

    Up to 4.75

    Up to 10 Gigabit

    db.x2g.2xlarge

    8

    128 GiB

    Up to 4.75

    Up to 10 Gigabit

    db.x2g.4xlarge

    16

    256 GiB

    4.75

    Up to 10 Gigabit

    db.x2g.8xlarge

    32

    512 GiB

    9.5

    12 gigabit

    db.x2g.12xlarge

    48

    768 GiB

    14.25

    20 Gigabit

    db.x2g.16xlarge

    64

    1024 GiB

    19

    25 Gigabit
     

    All instances have the following specs:

     
     
  • X1e

  • X1e instances are optimized for high-performance databases. X1e instances offer one of the lowest price per GiB of RAM among Amazon RDS instance types.

    Features:

    • High frequency Intel Xeon E7-8880 v3 (Haswell) processors
    • One of the lowest prices per GiB of RAM
    • Up to 3,904 GiB of DRAM-based instance memory
    Model Core Count vCPU Memory (GiB) SSD Storage (GB) Dedicated EBS Bandwidth (Mbps) Networking Performance
    db.x1e.xlarge 2 4 122 1 x 120 500 Up to 10 Gigabit
    db.x1e.2xlarge 4 8 244 1 x 240 1,000 Up to 10 Gigabit
    db.x1e.4xlarge 8 16 488 1 x 480 1,750 Up to 10 Gigabit
    db.x1e.8xlarge 16 32 976 1 x 960 3,500 Up to 10 Gigabit
    db.x1e.16xlarge 32 64 1,952 1 x 1,920 7,000 10 Gigabit
    db.x1e.32xlarge 64 128 3,904 2 x 1,920 14,000 25 Gigabit

    All instances have the following specs:

    In addition, x1e.16xlarge and x1e.32xlarge have

    • Intel Turbo
  • X1

  • X1 instances are optimized for large-scale, enterprise-class and in-memory applications, and offer one of the lowest price per GiB of RAM among Amazon RDS instance types.

    Features:

    • High frequency Intel Xeon E7-8880 v3 (Haswell) processors
    • One of the lowest prices per GiB of RAM
    • Up to 1,952 GiB of DRAM-based instance memory
    Model Core Count vCPU Memory (GiB) SSD Storage (GB) Dedicated EBS Bandwidth (Mbps) Network Performance
    db.x1.16xlarge 32 64 976 1 x 1,920 7,000 10 Gigabit
    db.x1.32xlarge 64 128 1,952 2 x 1,920 14,000 25 Gigabit

    All instances have the following specs:

  • Z1d

  • Z1d instances deliver a sustained all core frequency of up to 4.0 GHz, the fastest of any cloud instance. The combination of high compute performance and high memory makes z1d instances ideal for relational database workloads with high per-core licensing costs.

    Features:

    • A custom Intel® Xeon® Scalable processor with a sustained all core frequency of up to 4.0 GHz
    • High memory with up to 384 GiB of RAM
    • Powered by the AWS Nitro System, a combination of dedicated hardware and lightweight hypervisor
    Model Core Count vCPU Memory (GiB) EBS-Optimized Network Performance
    db.z1d.large 1 2 16 Yes Up to 10,000 Mbps
    db.z1d.xlarge 2 4 32 Yes Up to 10,000 Mbps
    db.z1d.2xlarge 4 8 64 Yes Up to 10,000 Mbps
    db.z1d.3xlarge 6 12 96 Yes Up to 10,000 Mbps
    db.z1d.6xlarge 12 24 192 Yes 10,000 Mbps
    db.z1d.12xlarge 24 48 384 Yes 25,000 Mbps

    All instances have the following specs:

Instance Features

Amazon RDS database instances provide a number of additional features to help you deploy, manage, and scale your database workloads.

Burstable Performance Instances

Amazon RDS allows you to choose between Fixed Performance Instances (e.g. M5 and R5) and Burstable Performance Instances (e.g. T3). Burstable Performance Instances provide a baseline level of CPU performance with the ability to burst above the baseline.

Amazon RDS T3 instances can sustain high CPU performance for as long as a workload needs it. For most general-purpose workloads, T3 instances will provide ample performance without any additional charges. The hourly T3 instance price automatically covers all interim spikes in usage when the average CPU utilization of a T3 instance is at or less than the baseline over a 24-hour window.

T3 instances’ baseline performance and ability to burst are governed by CPU Credits. Each T3 instance receives CPU Credits continuously, the rate of which depends on the instance size. T3 instances accrue CPU Credits when they are idle, and use CPU credits when they are active. A CPU Credit provides the performance of a full CPU core for one minute.

For example, a db.t3.small instance receives credits continuously at a rate of 12 CPU Credits per hour. This capability provides baseline performance equivalent to 20% of a CPU core (20% x 60 mins = 12 mins). If the instance does not use the credits it receives, they are stored in its CPU Credit balance up to a maximum of 288 CPU Credits. When the t3.small instance needs to burst to more than 20% of a core, it draws from its CPU Credit balance to handle this surge automatically.

While Amazon RDS T2 instances are restricted to baseline performance once the CPU Credit balance is drawn down to zero, Amazon RDS T3 instances can burst above the baseline even when its CPU Credit balance is zero. For a vast majority of database workloads where the average CPU utilization is at or below the baseline performance, the basic hourly price for t3.small covers all CPU bursts. If the instance happens to run at an average 25% CPU utilization (5% above baseline) over a period of 24 hours after its CPU Credit balance is drawn to zero, it will be charged an additional 9 cents (7.5 cents/vCPU-hour x 1 vCPU x 5% x 24 hours). See Amazon RDS Pricing for pricing details.

Many database workloads don’t need consistently high levels of CPU, but benefit significantly from having full access to very fast CPUs when they need them. Burstable Performance instances are engineered specifically for these use cases. If you need consistently high CPU performance for your database, we recommend you use Fixed Performance Instances.

Database Storage Options

Storage for Amazon RDS for MySQL, MariaDB, PostgreSQL, Oracle, and SQL Server is built on Amazon EBS, a durable, block-level storage service. Amazon RDS provides three volume types to best meet the needs of your database workloads: General Purpose (SSD), Provisioned IOPS (SSD), and Magnetic. General Purpose (SSD) is an SSD-backed, general purpose volume type that we recommend as the default choice for a broad range of database workloads. Provisioned IOPS (SSD) volumes offer storage with consistent and low-latency performance, and are designed for I/O intensive database workloads. Magnetic volumes provide a low cost per gigabyte and are provided for backwards compatibility.

Amazon Aurora features a distributed, fault-tolerant, self-healing storage system that auto-scales up to 128 TiB per database cluster. It delivers high performance and availability to power up to 15 low-latency read replicas and provides point-in-time recovery, continuous backup to Amazon S3, and replication across three Availability Zones (AZs).

EBS-optimized Instances

EBS-optimized instances enable Amazon RDS to fully use the IOPS provisioned on an EBS volume. EBS-optimized instances deliver dedicated throughput between Amazon RDS and Amazon EBS, with options between 500 and 4,000 Megabits per second (Mbps) depending on the instance type used. The dedicated throughput minimizes contention between Amazon EBS I/O and other traffic from your RDS instance, providing the best performance for your EBS volumes. EBS-optimized instances are designed for use with both Standard and Provisioned IOPS Amazon EBS volumes. When attached to EBS-optimized instances, Provisioned IOPS volumes can achieve single digit millisecond latencies and are designed to deliver at least 90% of the provisioned IOPS performance 99.9% of the time in a given year. We recommend using Provisioned IOPS volumes with EBS-optimized instances or instances that support cluster networking for applications with high storage I/O requirements.

Enhanced Networking

Enhanced Networking enables you to get significantly higher packet per second (PPS) performance, lower network jitter and lower latencies. This feature uses a new network virtualization stack that provides higher I/O performance and lower CPU utilization compared to traditional implementations. Amazon RDS automatically enables Enhanced Networking for supported database instance types.